Verse 1
began.See note on Mark 1:1.
by = in. Greek. en App-104. as in Mark 12:36.
man. Greek. anthropos. App-123.
set an hedge = placed a fence.
winefat. Occurs only here in N.T. = a wine-vat. "Fat" is from A.S. foet= a vessel (compare Dutch vatten= to catch). Northern Eng. for vat.
tower = watch-house. See note on Matthew 21:33.
let it out, &c. See note on Matthew 21:33.
huabandmen = vine-dressers.
went into a far country = went abroad. See note on Matthew 21:33.
Verse 2
at the season. The fourth year after planting it; no profit till then. See Leviticus 19:23, Leviticus 19:24.
to. Greek. pros. App-104.
servant = bond-servant.
from. Greek. para. App-104. Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:25, Mark 12:34.
of = from. Greek. apo. App-104. Same word as in Mark 12:38; not the same as in Mark 12:44. This shows that part of, or the whole rent was to be paid in kind. See note on "let it out", Matthew 21:33.
Verse 3
caught = took.
Verse 4
unto.Greek. pros. App-104. As in verses: Mark 12:6, Mark 12:13, Mark 12:18.
another. Greek. allos App-124.
at him, &c. = him they stoned. This word "stoned" is omitted by all the texts.
sent him away shamefully handled. L T Tr. WH R with Syriac read "insulted him".
Verse 5
many others. All these were "His servants the prophets" up to John the Baptist. Supply the Ellipsis from Mark 12:4 thus: "Many others [He sent, whom they used shamefully], beating some and killing some".
beating. = scourging.
Verse 6
therefore. Omitted by [L] T Tr. A WH R with Syriac.
his = his own.
wellbeloved = beloved. App-135.
last. A Divine supplement, here.
reverence = have respect to.
Verse 7
said . . . This = said that (Greek. hoti) this is, &c.
among = to. Gu pros. App-104.
Verse 8
killed him. As the Lord had already revealed to the disciples (Mark 10:32-34).
out = outside.
Verse 9
shall = will.
the lord. Implying and leading up to the interpretation. App-98. A.
unto others. The new Israel, as foretold in Isaiah 66:7-14.
others. Greek. Plural of" allos. App-124.
Verse 10
have ye not read . ? See, App-143.
not = not even. Greek. oude. Compound of ou. See App-105.
The Stone, &c. Quoted from Psalms 118:22. Compare Acts 4:10-12. See App-107.
is = this is.
Verse 11
This was, &c. = this was from Jehovah (Greek. para. App-104.)
the LORD " S = Jehovah"s. App-98. B. a.
in. Greek. en. App-104. Same word as in tiro. 23, -25, 26-, 35, 38, 39. Not the same as in verses: Mark 12:12, Mark 12:14; Mar_12:-26.
Verse 12
for = because.
knew = came to know, or perceived. Greek ginosko. See App-152. Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:14, Mark 12:15, Mark 12:24.
against. Greek pros. App-104.
Verse 13
Pharisees. App-120.
to catch = that they might catch.
catch. Greek. agreuo = to take in hunting: hence, to ensnare. In Matthew 22:15 it is pagideuo = to ensnare ("entangle "). Both are Divine supplementary render ings of the same Aramaic word: Matt. giving the result of the hunting. Neither of the two words occurs elsewhere.
words = discourse. Greek logos. See note on Mark 9:32.
Verse 14
Master. Teacher. As in Mark 12:19, Mark 12:32. App-98. Mark 12:1.
we know. Greek oida. See App-132.
for = about, or concerning. Greek. peri. App-104.
no man = no one. Greek oudeis, a compound of ou. App-105.
for = because.
regardest not = lookest (App-133.) not (Greek. ou. App-105) on (Greek. eis. App-104.)
God. Greek. Theos. App-98.
in = with. Greek. epi. App-104.
tribute. Occurs only here and in Matthew 17:25 with Matthew 22:17, Matthew 22:19. See notes there.
not. Greek. me. App-105. Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:10, Mark 12:15
Verse 15
Shall we give, &c. A Divine supplement, here.
not. Greek me. App-105. Same word as in Mark 12:24. Not the same as in verses: Mark 12:10, Mark 12:14, Mark 12:24-; Mar_12:26; Mar_12:27; Mar_12:34,
penny = denarion. See note on Matthew 22:19. App-51.
Verse 16
image, &c. See note on Matthew 22:20.
Verse 17
Jesus. App-98.
answering said. Hebrew idiom. See note, on Deuteronomy 1:41.
marvelled = were wondering. T WH R read "wondered beyond measure" (exehaumasan, instead of ethaumasan, with Authorized Version L Tr. A and Syriac.)
Verse 18
Sadducees. (No Article.) See App-120.
which = they who. Greek. hoitines, marking them as a class characterized by this denial.
no. Greek. me. App-105. As in Mark 12:19; not the same as in verses: Mark 12:20, Mark 12:22, i.e. they denied it subjectively.
asked = questioned.
Verse 19
Moses. See note on Mark 1:44 and Matthew 8:4.
If, &c. Deuteronomy 25:5, Deuteronomy 25:6. Assuming a simple hypothesis. See App-118.
Verse 20
no. Greek. ou. App-105. Some as in Mark 12:22; not the same as in verses: Mark 12:18, Mark 12:19.
Verse 21
neither. Compound of ou. App-105.
Verse 22
woman died also = woman also died.
Verse 23
had = gat.
Verse 24
Do ye not. ? Figure of speech Erotesis (App-6), for emphasis.
therefore = on account of (dia. App-104. Mark 12:2) this; referring to the reasons about to be stated in the next two clauses.
know. Greek. oida. App-132.
neither. Greek. mede. A compound of me. App-105.
power = (inherent) power, App-172.
Verse 25
from = from among. Greek. ek. App-104.
the dead. No Art. See App-139.
Verse 26
And as touching = But concerning. Greek. peri. App-104.
the dead = dead bodies, or corpses. With Art. See App-139. Not the same as in Mark 12:27.
in the bush = at (Greek. epi. App-104.) the place concerning the bush: i.e. the passage about it in Exodus 3:6. Compare Romans 11:2 "in Elijah"; see note there.
I and, &c. Quoted from Exodus 3:2-6, and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton. App-6.
Verse 27
the dead = dead people. Not the same as in Mark 12:26. No Art. See App-139.
the living: i.e. those who live again in resurrection. See note on Matthew 9:18. Therefore they must rise. This is the only logical conclusion of the Lord"s argu ment. The whole subject is resurrection.
Ye, Note the emphasis on this pronoun. This clause is a Divine supplement, here.
Verse 28
came = came up; or came to [Him].
perceiving. Greek. oida. App-132.
well = admirably, finely.
asked = questioned.
Which = Of what nature.
the first, &c. = the first of all the commandments.
Verse 29
Hear, O Israel, &c. Quoted from Deuteronomy 6:4, Deuteronomy 6:5.
The LORD. . . LORD = Jehovah . . . Jehovah. App-98.
one. See note on Deuteronomy 6:4.
Verse 30
love. See App-135.
with = out of, or from. Greek. ek. App-104.
all thy = thy whole.
and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndetom. App-6.
soul. Greek. psuche. App-110.
this (is] the first commandment. Note (in the Greek) the Figure of speech Homoeoteleuton (App-6), for emphasis: haute, prote, entole.
Verse 31
Thou shalt, &o. Quoted from Leviticus 19:18.
neighbour = the one near. Compare Matthew 5:43. Luke 10:27, Luke 10:29, Luke 10:36,
none, &c = not (Greek. ou. App-105.) another commandment greater.
Verse 32
Mark 12:32-34 are a Divine supplement, here.
Well = "Right", or as we say "Good".
the truth = according to (Greek. epi. App-104.) the truth: i.e. truthfully. App-175.
for = that.
there is one God. All the texts read "that He is One "(omitting the word "God").
but He = besides Him.
Verse 33
understanding = intelligence. Greek. sunesis = a putting together. Not the same word as in Mark 12:30, which is dianoia = mind, the thinking faculty.
more, &c. Compare 1 Samuel 15:22.
Verse 34
discreetly = judiciously. Greek nounechos. Occurs only here in N. T,
from = away from. Greek. apo App-104.
the kingdom of God. See App-114.
Verse 35
while He taught in the temple. See App-156.
Christ = the Messiah. (With Art.) See Matthew 1:1. App-98.
the son of David. See App-88.
Verse 36
David himself. These are the Lord"s words. He did not "accept the current view", but He spake from the Father Himself. See Deuteronomy 18:18. John 7:16; John 8:28; John 8:46, John 8:47; John 12:49; John 14:10, John 14:24; John 17:8. This settles the authorship of Psalm 110.
said. Quoted from Psalms 110:1. Midway between Abraham and Messiah, this Psalm was given to David.
the Holy Ghost. See App-101.
my Lord. App-98. A. e. The same as Hebrew. Adonai. See App-4.
on = at. Greek ek App-104.
till I make. See note on Matthew 22:44,
make = shall have set.
Verse 37
Lord. App-98. B. b.
the common people = the great crowd. Indicating numerical, not social, distinction.
Verse 38
doctrine = teaching.
Beware = take heed. App-133.
of = away from (Greek. apo. App-104.): i.e. take heed [and keep] away from. Not the some word as in Mark 12:44.
love = desire, or will to. Greek. thelo. App-102.
go = walk about.
long clothing = robes. Greek. stolais.
Verse 39
chief seats. See note on Matthew 23:6.
uppermost rooms = first couches or places.
at = in. Greek. en. App-104. Not the same as in. Mark 12:17.
Verse 40
devour = eat up. Being occupied in making wills and conveyances of property, they abused their office.
greater damnation = heavier judgment.
Verse 41
Mark 12:41-44 is parallel with Luke 21:1-4. See notes there.
the treasury. Situated in the women"s court, occupying about 200 feet square, and surrounded by a colonnade. Inside, against the wall, were thirteen receptacles, called "trumpets" (from their shape) nine being for legal dues, and four for voluntary contributions. All labelled for their special objects.
beheld = observed thoughtfully. Greek. theoreo. App-133.
cast = are casting.
money = copper money; called prutah, two of which made a farthing.
into. Greek. eis. App-104.
cast in = were casting [in] (as He looked on),
much = many [coins]. Referring to number, not to value.
Verse 42
a certain poor widow = one poor widow.
threw = cast, as above,
mites. Pl, of lepton = the small thin Jewish copper coin (from leptos = peeled, or pared down). Occ only here, and Luke 12:59; Luke 21:2. See App-51.
a farthing. Greek. kodrantes. A [Roman] quadrans; i.e. a fourth, being a fourth of the Roman "as". Hence a fourthing = our farthing. Occurs only here, and Matthew 5:26. See App-51.
Verse 43
Verily. See note on Matthew 5:18.
this poor widow = this widow; and she a poor one.
Verse 44
of = out of. Greek ek. App-104.
want = destitution.
all = the whole.
that = as much as.
living = life. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Effect), App-6, for the means whereby her life was supported: i.e. her livelihood. Greek. bios. See App-170.