Verse 1

Psalm 120:1-7. This is the first of fifteen Psalms (Psalms 120-134) entitled “A Song of Degrees” (Psalm 121:1 - literally, “A song for the degrees”), or ascents. It seems most probable they were designed for the use of the people when going up (compare 1 Kings 12:27, 1 Kings 12:28) to Jerusalem on the festival occasions (Deuteronomy 16:16), three times a year. David appears as the author of four, Solomon of one (Psalm 127:1), and the other ten are anonymous, probably composed after the captivity. In this Psalm the writer acknowledges God‘s mercy, prays for relief from a malicious foe, whose punishment he anticipates, and then repeats his complaint.

Verse 2-3

Slander and deceit charged on his foes implies his innocence.

tongue — as in Psalm 52:2, Psalm 52:4.

Verse 4

Sharp arrows of the mighty — destructive inflictions.

coals of juniper — which retain heat long. This verse may be read as a description of the wicked, but better as their punishment, in reply to the question of Psalm 120:3.

Verse 5

A residence in these remote lands pictures his miserable condition.

Verse 6-7

While those who surrounded him were maliciously hostile, he was disposed to peace. This Psalm may well begin such a series as this, as a contrast to the promised joys of God‘s worship.