Verse 1

Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6.

a king. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 17:14, Deuteronomy 17:16). App-92.

in = for, in the interest of.

Verse 2

And. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton in verses: Isaiah 32:2-5, emphasizing every detail.

man. Hebrew. "ish. App-14.

wind. Hebrew. ruach. App-9.

rivers of water. Hebrew. palgei-mayim. Channels for irrigation in a garden. See notes on Proverbs 21:1. Psalms 1:3.

weary = thirsty.

Verse 4

The heart also = And the heart: preserving the Figure of speech Polysyndeton (Isaiah 32:2).

Verse 5

vile . . . villany. Note the Figure of speech, Paronomasia (App-6). Hebrew. nabal nebalah.

iniquity. Hebrew. "aven. App-6

the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4

soul. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13

Verse 7

instruments also of the churl. Note the Figure of speech Paronomasia. Hebrew. vekelay kelayv. English chattels of the churl.

evil. Hebrew. ra"a". App-44.

deviseth = counselleth.

wicked. Hebrew. rasha. App-44.

devices = plans.

poor = wretched. Hebrew. anah. See note on Proverbs 6:11.

needy = helpless, weak in will and wealth. Hebrew. ebyon. See note on Proverbs 6:11.

Verse 8

liberal = noble: freehearted, freehanded.

Verse 9

ye women. Figure of speech Synecdoche (of Species), "women" being put for the whole nation, now reduced by sin to utter weakness; or, a special message, as in Isaiah 3:16-26.

hear my voice. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 4:33, Deuteronomy 4:36), App-92.

careless = confident. Hebrew. batah. App-69. Used here of self-confidence, in irony.

Verse 12

pleasant fields =fields of desire. Figure of speech. Enallage. App-6

Verse 14

forsaken = neglected.

left. See note on "forsake", Isaiah 1:4.

forever. Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Whole), Put for a prolonged period. Note the limitation by the word "until" in the next verse.

Verse 15

spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-9. Compare Joel 2:28. Ezekiel 36:25-27.

poured. Hebrew. "arah. Occurs in Isaiah 3:17; Isaiah 22:6, and here in the "former" portion; and in Isaiah 53:12, the "latter" portion.

Verse 17

work = tillage. assurance = confidence. Hebrew. batah (App-69) Same word as careless (Isaiah 32:9), but not in irony.

Verse 19

hail, coming down. Note the Figure of speech Paronomasia, for emphasis. Hebrew. ubarad beredeth; Eng. hail hailing.

Verse 20

Blessed = O the happinesses of you, &c. The second of the three occurring in Isaiah. See note on Isaiah 30:18. Compare Isaiah 56:2.