Verse 1

Title. A Psalm. No Hebrew for this.

of David. Relating to the true David, Israel"s Redeemer. Psalm 22 is Christ as the sin offering; Psalm 40 as the whole burnt offering ; and this, Psalm 69 as the trespass offering. Verse prefers to John 15:25; verses: Psalms 69:14-20 refer to Gethsemane (Matthew 26:36-45); Psalms 69:21 to the Cross (Matthew 27:34, Matthew 27:48. John 19:29); verses: Psalms 69:22-28 to Romans 11:9, Romans 11:10; Romans 69:25 to Judas (Acts 1:20).

God. Hebrew. Elohim.

waters. Put by Figure of speech Hypocatastasis (App-6) for great troubles.

come in unto my soul: i.e. threaten my life.

my soul = me (emphatic). Hebrew. nephesh, App-13.

Verse 2

sink = have sunk.

mire. See note on waters, Psalms 69:1.

Verse 4

hate me without a cause. Compare Psalms 35:19. Quoted in John 15:25.

mighty. The Syriac, by supplying the letter Ayin, reads "stronger than my bones", thus completing the alternation of this verse.

Then. Ginsburg suggests "I" (emphatic) instead of "Then".

Verse 5

sins. Hebrew. "asham. App-44.

Verse 6

Lord GOD. Hebrew Adonai Jehovah. App-4. .

God of Israel. See note on Isaiah 29:23.

Verse 8

a stranger. Compare John 1:11.

children = sons.

Verse 9

the zeal, &c. Quoted as fulfilled in John 2:17.

the reproaches. Quoted in Romans 15:3.

Verse 10

I wept, and chastened my soul. The Septuagint reads "I humbled my soul".

Verse 11

sackcloth. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), for mourning attire.

proverb. Compare John 8:48. Matthew 27:63.

Verse 12

the song = the mocking song.

Verse 13

LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4.

in an acceptable time: i.e. at the time Thou pleasest.

multitude = abundance, or plenitude.

mercy = lovingkindness, or grace.

Hear = answer.

lovingkindness = grace.

Verse 18

redeem. Hebrew. ga"al. See Ex. note on Psalms 6:6.

Verse 20

some. Aramaean, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulg, read "one".

Verse 21

They gave. Fulfilled in Matthew 27:34, Matthew 27:48. Mark 15:23, Mark 15:36. Luke 23:36. John 19:28-30.

gave = put. See note on Matthew 27:34.

gall. = something bitter, probably the poppy. Hebrew. r"osh. In Deuteronomy 29:18; Deuteronomy 32:33, it is rendered "venom"; in Job 20:16, "poison"; in Hosea 10:4, "hemlock".

for = into.

meat = choice food. Occurs only here. A kindred form in 2 Samuel 13:5, 2 Samuel 13:7, 2 Samuel 13:10.

Verse 22

Let, &c. Imprecation. Suitable for a dispensation of Law and Judgment; not for this Day of Grace. See Romans 11:9, Romans 11:10.

Verse 25

Let, &c. Quoted in Acts 1:20.

habitation = palace: a place surrounded by a wall. Occurs only here in Psalms.

Verse 26

those whom Thou hast wounded = Thy wounded ones.

Verse 27

Add. Referring to the reading in Psalms 69:26.

iniquity. Hebrew "avah. App-44. Put here by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Effect), for the punishment deserved by it.

Verse 28

the living = life. See note on Leviticus 18:5.

Verse 29

poor = afflicted. Hebrew "ani. See note on Proverbs 6:11. Not the same word as in Psalms 69:33. Constantly used of Christ in the Psalms. Compare Psalms 22:24 (afflicted); Psalms 34:6, Psalms 35:10; Psalms 40:17; Psalms 70:5; Psalms 109:16, Psalms 109:22.

Let. Omit.

Verse 30

praise. The sufferings never mentioned without praise. Compare Psalm 22. Isa. 53, &c.

name : i. e. God Himself. Compare Psalms 20:1.

of. Genitive of Apposition. App-17.

with a song. Hebrew. beshir. Figure of speech Paronomasia with mishshor, an ox, in Psalms 69:31.

Verse 31

better. Praise is the truest sacrifice.

an ox. See note on "song" (Psalms 69:30).

horns. Showing full age; not under three years (Genesis 15:9).

and. So some codices, with two early printed editions, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate; but not in current printed Hebrew text.

hoofs = divided hoof, showing it to be ceremonially clean (Leviticus 11:3).

Verse 32

and be glad = they rejoice.

heart. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Part), for the whole being.

shall live: i.e. live again in resurrection. See note on Leviticus 18:5.

God. In Authorized Version, 1611, this was printed "good". First printed "God" in ed. 1617.

Verse 33

poor = helpless. Hebrew "ebyon. See note on Proverbs 6:11.

Verse 34

heaven and earth. See note on Genesis 14:19.

Verse 35

Zion. See App-68.

will build. This is prophecy; for David was "a prophet" (Acts 2:30).

dwell, &c. Not merely dwell and possess, but inherit and hand down.

have it in possession = inherit it. Note the Introversion.

Verse 36

To the chief Musician. See App-64.