Verse 1

justified. See Romans 2:13. App-191.

by. App-104.

faith. App-150., i.e. on faith-principle. See Romans 1:17.

we have peace. The Revised Version "let us have peace" is not warranted. The apostle"s teaching is plain. Having been justified, therefore we have peace with God.

with. App-104.

God. App-98.

through. App-104. Romans 5:1.

Lord. App-98.

Jesus Christ. App-98.

Verse 2

also. Read after "access".

have = have had, have obtained.

access. Literally the introduction. Greek. prosagoge, Only here and Ephesians 2:18; Ephesians 3:12.

by. Dat. No preposition.

grace. See Romans 1:5.

wherein = in (Greek. en) which.

rejoice. Same as "boast", Romans 2:17.

glory. See Romans 1:23 with Romans 4:20.

Verse 3

glory . . . also = rejoice (as Romans 5:2) also in &c.

tribulations = the afflictions. Greek. thlipsis. See Acts 7:10.

knowing. App-132.

worketh. See Romans 1:27.

Verse 4

experience. Greek. dokime. Here; 2 Corinthians 2:9; 2 Corinthians 8:2; 2 Corinthians 9:13; 2 Corinthians 13:3. Philippians 1:2, Philippians 1:22.

hope. Compare Titus 2:13. See Romans 4:18.

Verse 5

maketh . . . ashamed = causeth shame. Greek. kataischuno. Here, Romans 9:33; Romans 10:11. Luke 13:17. 1 Corinthians 1:27; 1 Corinthians 11:4, 1 Corinthians 11:5, 1 Corinthians 11:22; 2 Corinthians 7:14; 2 Corinthians 9:4. 1 Peter 2:6; 1 Peter 3:16.

love. App-135.

is shed abroad. Greek. ekchuno. See Acts 1:18; Acts 10:45.

Holy Ghost. App-101.

is = was.

unto = to.

Verse 6

without strength. Greek. asthenes.

due time = season. Compare Galatians 1:4, Galatians 1:4.

Christ. App-98.

ungodly. See Romans 4:5.

Verse 7

scarcely. Greek. molis. See Acts 14:18.

righteous. App-191.

one. App-123.

yet = for.

peradventure. Greek. tacha. Only here and Philemon 1:15.

some = one. See above.

dare = venture.

Verse 8

commendeth. See Romans 3:5. In this verse the subject of the sentence comes last, and reads "commendeth His own love toward us God", giving the Figure of speech Hyperbaton (App-6), for emphasis.

toward. Greek. eis. App-104.

in that = because.

sinners. Greek. hamartolos. Compare App-128.

Verse 9

blood. Compare Romans 5:1 with Romans 3:24.

saved. First of eight occurances in Romans.

wrath. See Romans 1:18. 1 Thessalonians 1:10.

Verse 10

if. Greek. ei. App-118.

enemies. Note the Figure of speech Catabasis, App-6; without strength, sinners, enemies verses: Romans 5:6, Romans 5:8, Romans 5:10.

reconciled. Greek. katallasso, a more intensive word than allasso (Romans 1:23). Elsewhere, 1 Corinthians 7:11. 2 Corinthians 5:18, 2 Corinthians 5:19, 2 Corinthians 5:20.

Son. App-108. Compare Romans 6:10. Galatians 1:2, Galatians 1:19, Galatians 1:20.

life. App-170.

Verse 11

joy = rejoice (Romans 5:2).

atonement = reconciliation, restoration to favour. Greek. katallage, Here, Romans 11:15. 2 Corinthians 5:18, 2 Corinthians 5:19.

Verse 12

Wherefore = On account of (App-104. Romans 5:2) this. Having described the fruits of sin, the apostle now goes on to deal with the root.

as = just as.

man. App-123. Compare 1 Corinthians 15:21.

sin. App-128.

world. App-129.

death, &c. = by means of sin, death.

passed = passed through.

upon = unto. App-104.

for that = because. Greek. eph" (App-104.) ho.

have. Omit.

sinned. i.e. in Adam, as representative. See Romans 3:23. App-128.

Verse 13

imputed. Not the same word as in Romans 4:6, &c. Greek. ellogeo. Only here and Philemon 1:18.

when, &c. = there not (Greek. me) being law.

Verse 14

to = until. Greek. mechri.

Moses. Occurs twenty-two times in the Epistles. Compare Matthew 8:4.

similitude = likeness. See Romans 1:23.

transgression. Greek. parabasis. See Romans 2:23.

the = a. figure. Greek. tupos. See John 20:25.

Him . . . come = The Coming One. A well-known Hebraism for the Messiah. See Matthew 11:3. Adam was a type (App-6) as the federal head of a new-created race.

Verse 15

offence. App-128. See Romans 4:25.

free gift. App-184.

through = by. Dative. No preposition.

one, many = the one, the many.

be dead = died.

gift. Greek. dorea. See John 4:10.

by = of. Genitive case.

hath. Omit.

abounded. See Romans 3:7.

Verse 16

And not, &c. Read, And not as by means of one having sinned is the free gift; for the judgment indeed of one (was) unto condemnation; but the free gift is of (or resulted from) many transgressions unto justification.

gift. Greek. dorema. Not the same word as Romans 5:15. Occurs only here and James 1:17.

judgment. Greek. krima. App-177.

condemnation. Greek. katakrima. Only here, Romans 5:18; Romans 8:1. Compare App-122.; Romans 177:6.

justification. Greek. dikaioma, a righteous acquittal. App-191.

Verse 17

For . . . one = For if by the trespass of the one, death reigned through the one.

by. Dative. No preposition.

abundance = the abundance. Greek. perisseia. Here, 2 Corinthians 8:2; 2 Corinthians 10:15. James 1:21.

righteousness. See Romans 1:17.

Verse 18

Therefore, &c. = So then as by means of one (act of) transgression (sentence came) upon all men unto condemnation, even so by means of one righteous act also (the free gift came) upon all men to justification of life.

righteousness of one = one righteous act. Greek. dikaioma. App-191., as Romans 5:16. Add "also".

justification. Greek. dikaiosis. App-191.

of = issuing in. App-17.

Verse 19

disobedience. App-128. Romans 5:2.

many = the many.

made = constituted.

so = so also.

obedience. The obedience unto death of Philippians 1:2, Philippians 1:8. This was the one righteous act of Romans 5:18.

Verse 20

entered. Literally came in beside. Greek. pareiserchomai, Only here and Galatians 1:2, Galatians 1:4.

that = in order that. Greek. hina.

abound = multiply. Greek. pleonazo. Here, Romans 6:1. 2 Corinthians 4:15; 2 Corinthians 8:15. Philippians 1:4, Philippians 1:17. 1 Thessalonians 3:12. 2 Thessalonians 1:3. 2 Peter 1:8.

did much more abound = superabounded. Greek. huperperisseuo. Only here and 2 Corinthians 7:4.

Verse 21

hath. Omit.

even so, &c. = so might grace also.

eternal. App-151.