Verse 1

The proverbs of Solomon the son of David, king of Israel; p> p>

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The Argument - The wonderful love of God toward his Church is declared in this book: for as much as the sum and effect of the whole Scriptures is here set forth in these brief sentences, which partly contain doctrine, and partly manners, and also exhortations to both: of which the first nine Chapters are as a preface full of grave sentences and deep mysteries, to assure the hearts of men to the diligent reading of the parables that follow: which are left as a precious jewel to the Church, of those three thousand parables mentioned in (1 Kings 4:32) and were gathered and committed to writing by Solomon's servants and incited by him.

Verse 2

To know wisdom a and instruction; to perceive the words b of understanding;

(a) That is, what we ought to know and follow, and what we ought to refuse.

(b) Meaning, the word of God in which is the only true knowledge.

Verse 3

To receive the c instruction of wisdom, d justice, and judgment, and equity;

(c) To learn to submit ourselves to the correction of those who are wise.

(d) By living justly and rendering to every man that which belongs to him.

Verse 4

To give subtilty to the e simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion.

(e) To such as have no discretion to rule themselves.

Verse 5

A wise [man] will hear, and will increase learning; and a man of f understanding shall attain unto wise counsels:

(f) As he shows that these parables containing the effect of religion concerning manners and doctrine, belong to the simple people: so he declares that the same is also necessary for them who are wise and learned.

Verse 8

My son, hear the instruction of thy g father, and forsake not the law of thy h mother:

(g) He speaks this in the Name of God, who is the universal Father of all creatures, or in the name of the pastor of the Church, who is as a father.

(h) That is, of the Church, in which the faithful are begotten by the incorruptible seed of God's word.

Verse 10

My son, i if sinners entice thee, consent thou not.

(i) That is, the wicked who do not have the fear of God.

Verse 11

If they say, Come with us, let us lay wait for k blood, let us lurk privily for the innocent without cause:

(k) He speaks not only of the shedding of blood with hand, but of all crafty practises which tend to the detriment of our neighbour.

Verse 12

Let us swallow them up alive as the l grave; and whole, as those that go down into the pit:

(l) As the grave is never satisfied, so the malice of the wicked and their cruelty has no end.

Verse 14

Cast in thy lot among us; let us all have one m purse:

(m) He shows how the wicked are allured to join together, because they have everyone part of the spoil of the innocent.

Verse 15

My son, walk not thou in the way with them; refrain thy foot from their n path:

(n) That is, have nothing at all to do with them.

Verse 18

And they lay wait for their [own] blood; they lurk privily for o their [own] lives.

(o) He shows that there is no reason to move these wicked to spoil the innocent, aside from their malice and cruelty.

Verse 19

So [are] the ways of every one that is greedy of gain; [which] taketh away p the life of the owners thereof.

(p) By which he concludes that the covetous man is a murderer.

Verse 20

q Wisdom crieth without; she uttereth her voice in the r streets:

(q) This wisdom is the eternal word of God.

(r) So that no one can pretend ignorance.

Verse 22

How long, ye s simple ones, will ye love simplicity? and the scorners delight in their scorning, and fools hate knowledge?

(s) Wisdom reproves three kinds of men, the foolish or simple who err out of ignorance, the mockers who cannot stand to be taught, and the fools who are drowned in worldly lusts and hate the knowledge of godliness.

Verse 26

I also will t laugh at your calamity; I will mock when your fear cometh;

(t) This is spoken according to our capacity signifying that the wicked, who mock and jest at God's word, will have the just reward of their mocking.

Verse 27

When u your fear cometh as desolation, and your destruction cometh as a whirlwind; when distress and anguish cometh upon you.

(u) That is, your destruction, which you feared.

Verse 28

Then shall they call upon me, but I will not answer; they shall seek me early, but they shall not x find me:

(x) Because they sought not with an affection to God, but for ease of their own grief.

Verse 30

They would none of my counsel: they y despised all my reproof.

(y) Showing that without faith and obedience, we cannot call on God correctly.

Verse 31

Therefore shall they eat of the z fruit of their own way, and be filled with their own devices.

(z) They will feel what convenience their wicked life will give them.

Verse 32

For a the turning away of the simple shall slay them, and the prosperity of fools shall destroy them.

(a) That is, the prosperity and sensuality in which they delight.